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• Net Earnings of $47.7 million, or $0.35 per share for Fourth Quarter
  
• 2021 Net Earnings of $212.5 million, or $1.56 per share
• Core loan growth of $235.3 million year-over-year
• Deposit growth of $1.24 billion or 10.6% year-over-year
• Completion of the acquisition of Suncrest Bank on January 7, 2022
  

ONTARIO, Calif., Jan. 26, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — CVB Financial Corp. (NASDAQ:CVBF) and its subsidiary, Citizens Business Bank (the “Company”), announced earnings for the quarter and the year ended December 31, 2021.

CVB Financial Corp. reported net income of $47.7 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2021, compared with $49.8 million for the third quarter of 2021 and $50.1 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2020. Diluted earnings per share were $0.35 for the fourth quarter, compared to $0.37 for the prior quarter and $0.37 for the same period last year. The fourth quarter of 2021 did not include a recapture of provision for credit losses, compared to $4.0 million of provision recaptured in the third quarter of 2021. The fourth quarter of 2020 did not include a (recapture of) or provision for credit losses. Net income of $47.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2021 produced an annualized return on average equity (“ROAE”) of 9.05%, an annualized return on average tangible common equity (“ROATCE”) of 13.89%, and an annualized return on average assets (“ROAA”) of 1.18%. Our net interest margin, tax equivalent, (“NIM”) was 2.79% for the fourth quarter of 2021, while our efficiency ratio was 41.80%.

David Brager, President and Chief Executive Officer of Citizens Business Bank, commented, “The Bank delivered another solid quarter and full year of strong earnings. The 2021 earnings represented the highest earnings in the Company’s history. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Citizens Business Bank has maintained its high level of performance and confirmed our position as a safe, sound, and secure financial institution. We were also pleased to complete the acquisition of Suncrest Bank on January 7, 2022 and to welcome Suncrest Bank’s associates, customers and shareholders to Citizens Business Bank. As I look forward to 2022, I believe we remain well positioned to benefit from improving economic conditions and rising interest rates. I want to thank our associates for remaining focused on our customers and our vision, our customers for their loyalty, and our shareholders for their confidence in our Bank.”

INCOME STATEMENT HIGHLIGHTS

					Three Months Ended								Year Ended December 31,
	December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020				2021				2020				2019
								(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Net interest income	$	102,395			$	103,299			$	105,853			$	414,550			$	416,053			$	435,772
Recapture of (provision for) credit losses		–				4,000				–				25,500				(23,500	)			(5,000	)
Noninterest income		12,385				10,483				12,925				47,385				49,870				59,042
Noninterest expense		(47,980	)			(48,099	)			(48,276	)			(189,787	)			(192,903	)			(198,740	)
Income taxes		(19,104	)			(19,930	)			(20,446	)			(85,127	)			(72,361	)			(83,247	)
Net earnings	$	47,696			$	49,753			$	50,056			$	212,521			$	177,159			$	207,827
Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.35			$	0.37			$	0.37			$	1.57			$	1.30			$	1.48
Diluted	$	0.35			$	0.37			$	0.37			$	1.56			$	1.30			$	1.48
NIM		2.79	%			2.89	%			3.33	%			2.97	%			3.59	%			4.36	%
ROAA		1.18	%			1.26	%			1.42	%			1.38	%			1.37	%			1.84	%
ROAE		9.05	%			9.49	%			9.92	%			10.30	%			8.90	%			10.71	%
ROATCE		13.89	%			14.62	%			15.67	%			15.93	%			14.25	%			17.56	%
Efficiency ratio		41.80	%			42.27	%			40.64	%			41.09	%			41.40	%			40.16	%
Noninterest expense to average assets, annualized		1.19	%			1.22	%			1.37	%			1.24	%			1.49	%			1.76	%

Net Interest Income
Net interest income was $102.4 million for the fourth quarter of 2021. This represented a $904,000, or 0.88%, decrease from the third quarter of 2021, and a $3.5 million, or 3.27%, decrease from the fourth quarter of 2020. Total interest income was $103.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2021, which was $1.0 million, or 0.97%, lower than the third quarter of 2021 and $5.1 million, or 4.71%, lower than the same period last year. Total interest income and fees on loans for the fourth quarter of 2021 of $84.7 million decreased $3.7 million, or 4.19%, from the third quarter of 2021, and decreased $11.1 million, or 11.54%, from the fourth quarter of 2020.   The decline in interest income and fees on loans was primarily due to lower loan yields resulting from the low interest rate environment. Total investment income of $17.8 million increased $2.8 million, or 18.71%, from the third quarter of 2021 and increased $5.5 million, or 44.82%, from the fourth quarter of 2020. Investment income growth resulted from higher levels of investment securities. Interest expense decreased $112,000 or 8.97%, from the prior quarter and decreased $1.7 million, or 59.30%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2020.   The decrease in interest expense resulted from lower cost of funds, which declined to 3 basis points in the fourth quarter of 2021.

Net interest income before (recapture of) provision for credit losses was $414.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $416.1 million in 2020. Interest income declined by $9.7 million, or 2.26%, as interest income and fees on loans declined by $20.8 million, or 5.51%. Partially offsetting the decrease in loan income was growth in income from investments of $10.2 million, or 20.23% and a decline in interest expense of $8.2 million or 57.43%.

Net Interest Margin

Our net interest margin, tax equivalent, was 2.79% for the fourth quarter of 2021, compared to 2.89% for the third quarter of 2021 and 3.33% for the fourth quarter of 2020. The decrease in the net interest margin from the prior quarter was the result of a 10 basis point decrease in earning asset yield, due to a combination of a 14 basis point decline in loan yields and a change in asset mix with loan balances declining to 53.14% of earning assets on average for the fourth quarter of 2021, compared to 54.97% for the third quarter of 2021. Interest and fee income from Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans was approximately $4.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2021, compared to $7.9 million in the third quarter of 2021. The 54 basis point decline in net interest margin, compared to the fourth quarter of 2020 was primarily the result of a 60 basis point decline in earning asset yield. The decrease in earning asset yield was impacted by a change in asset mix with loan balances declining to 53.14% of earning assets on average for the fourth quarter of 2021, compared to 65.59% for the fourth quarter of 2020, as well as lower loan and investment yields. The decline in interest rates since the start of the pandemic has had a negative impact on loan yields, which, after excluding discount accretion, nonaccrual interest income and the impact from PPP loans (“core loan yield”), declined by 30 basis points compared to the fourth quarter of 2020. Additionally, interest and fee income from PPP loans declined by $6.3 million from $10.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2020. Of the $339.7 million quarter-over-quarter increase in earning assets, $733.4 million represented an increase in average investment securities while average loans declined by $82.7 million. Compared to the fourth quarter of 2020, average investments increased by $2.04 billion, while balances at the Federal Reserve grew on average by $512.1 million. Average loans declined by $513.5 million from the fourth quarter of 2020, which included a $778.6 million decrease in PPP loans on average. Total cost of funds declined to 0.03% for the fourth quarter of 2021 from 0.04% for the third quarter of 2021 and 0.09% for the year ago quarter. Noninterest-bearing deposits grew on average by $334.6 million, or 4.19%, from the third quarter of 2021, while interest-bearing deposits and customer repurchase agreements grew on average by $43.1 million during the fourth quarter of 2021, compared to the third quarter of 2021. Compared to the fourth quarter of 2020, our overall cost of funds decreased by 6 basis points, as average noninterest-bearing deposits grew by $1.39 billion, compared to average growth of $355.0 million in interest-bearing deposits. On average, noninterest-bearing deposits were 63.80% of total deposits during the current quarter.

		Three Months Ended
SELECTED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS		December 31, 2021							September 30, 2021							December 31, 2020
		(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Yield on average investment securities (TE)			1.52	%						1.54	%						1.81	%
Yield on average loans			4.29	%						4.43	%						4.56	%
Core Loan Yield [1]			4.08	%						4.14	%						4.38	%
Yield on average earning assets (TE)			2.82	%						2.92	%						3.41	%
Cost of funds			0.03	%						0.04	%						0.09	%
Net interest margin (TE)			2.79	%						2.89	%						3.33	%
Average Earning Asset Mix		Avg				% of Total			Avg				% of Total			Avg				% of Total
	Total investment securities	$	4,845,498			32.87	%		$	4,112,147			28.55	%		$	2,810,205			22.08	%
	Interest-earning deposits with other institutions		2,045,124			13.87	%			2,356,121			16.36	%			1,550,325			12.18	%
	Loans		7,833,741			53.14	%			7,916,443			54.97	%			8,347,260			65.59	%
	Total interest-earning assets		14,742,051						$	14,402,399							12,725,478
	[1] Represents yield on average loans excluding the impact of discount accretion, nonaccrual interest income and PPP loans.

Provision for Credit Losses
No recapture of provision for credit losses was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2021, compared to a recapture of $4.0 million of provision for credit losses in the third quarter of 2021. A $25.5 million recapture of provision for credit losses was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2021, resulting from improvements in our economic forecast of certain macroeconomic variables. In comparison, $23.5 million in provision for credit losses was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2020 due to the severe economic forecast at that time as a result of the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Noninterest Income

Noninterest income was $12.4 million for the fourth quarter of 2021, compared with $10.5 million for the third quarter of 2021 and $12.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2020. Trust and investment services income increased by $431,000 in the fourth quarter of 2021, compared to the third quarter of 2021 and grew by $436,000 year-over-year. Swap fee income decreased $167,000 quarter-over-quarter and declined by $876,000 year-over-year. The fourth quarter of 2021 included $890,000 for recovery of an acquired loan charged off prior to a previous acquisition and a $700,000 net gain on the sale of an OREO property. The fourth quarter of 2020 included a $365,000 net gain on the sale of two OREO properties.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, noninterest income was $47.4 million, compared to $49.9 million for 2020. Swap fee income decreased $4.6 million year-over-year, while Trust and investment services income grew by $1.6 million for 2021 when compared to 2020, and service charges on deposit accounts increased by approximately $590,000 year-over-year. Noninterest income for 2021 also included $1.2 million in net gain on the sale of three OREO properties, while 2020 included $1.7 million net gain on the sale of one of our owned buildings and a $365,000 net gain on the sale of two OREO properties.

Noninterest Expense

Noninterest expense for the fourth quarter of 2021 was $48.0 million, compared to $48.1 million for the third quarter of 2021 and $48.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2020. Acquisition expense related to the merger of Suncrest Bank was $153,000 for the fourth quarter of 2021, compared to $809,000 in the third quarter of 2021. As a percentage of average assets, noninterest expense was 1.19% for the fourth quarter of 2021, compared to 1.22% for the third quarter of 2021 and 1.37% for the fourth quarter of 2020.   The efficiency ratio for the fourth quarter of 2021 was 41.80%, compared to 42.27% for the third quarter of 2021 and 40.64% for the fourth quarter of 2020.  

Noninterest expense of $189.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $3.1 million lower than the prior year. The year-over-year decrease of $3.1 million included a $1.9 million decrease in salaries and employee benefits, partially due to a $1.1 million in additional bonus expense for “Thank You Awards” paid to all Bank employees during the third quarter of 2020. The year-over-year decrease also included a $1.5 million decrease in professional services expense, a $1.1 million decrease in CDI amortization, a $1.2 million decrease in OREO expense primarily due to a $700,000 write-down of one OREO property in 2020, and a $1.0 million recapture of provision for unfunded loan commitments recorded in 2021 compared to no recapture of provision in 2020. These decreases were partially offset by a $2.3 million increase in regulatory assessment expense compared to the prior year, resulting from the final application of assessment credits provided by the FDIC at the end of the second quarter of 2020. Additionally, there were $962,000 in acquisition related expenses for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to no merger related expenses for 2020. As a percentage of average assets, noninterest expense was 1.24% for 2021, compared to 1.49% for 2020. The efficiency ratio for the year ended December 31, 2021 was 41.09%, compared to 41.40% for 2020.

Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate for the fourth quarter and the year ended December 31, 2021 was 28.6%, compared with 29.0% for the same periods of 2020, respectively.   Our estimated annual effective tax rate can vary depending upon the level of tax-advantaged income as well as available tax credits.

BALANCE SHEET HIGHLIGHTS

Assets

The Company reported total assets of $15.88 billion at December 31, 2021. This represented a decrease of $371.9 million, or 1.96%, from total assets of $16.20 billion at September 30, 2021. Interest-earning assets of $14.68 billion at December 31, 2021 decreased $248.4 million, or 1.66%, when compared with $14.93 billion at September 30, 2021. The decrease in interest-earning assets was primarily due to a $759.3 million decrease in interest-earning balance due from the Federal Reserve, partially offset by a $473.9 million increase in investment securities and a $38.2 million increase in total loans.

Total assets at December 31, 2021 increased by $1.46 billion, or 10.16%, from total assets of $14.42 billion at December 31, 2020. Interest-earning assets increased $1.46 billion, or 11.04%, when compared with $13.22 billion at December 31, 2020. The increase in interest-earning assets includes a $2.13 billion increase in investment securities, partially offset by a $461.1 million decrease in total loans and a $193.3 million decrease in interest-earning balances due from the Federal Reserve. The decrease in total loans was due to a $696.4 million decrease in PPP loans with a remaining outstanding balance totaling $186.6 million as of December 31, 2021. Excluding PPP loans, total loans increased by $235.3 million from December 31, 2020.

Investment Securities

Total investment securities were $5.11 billion at December 31, 2021, an increase of $473.9 million, or 10.22%, from $4.64 billion at September 30, 2021 and an increase of $2.13 billion, or 71.61%, from $2.98 billion at December 31, 2020.  

At December 31, 2021, investment securities held-to-maturity (“HTM”) totaled $1.93 billion, an increase of $215.0 million, or 12.57%, from September 30, 2021 and a $1.35 billion increase, or 232.85%, from December 31, 2020.

At December 31, 2021, investment securities available-for-sale (“AFS”) totaled $3.18 billion, inclusive of a pre-tax net unrealized loss of $1.3 million. AFS securities increased by $258.9 million, or 8.85%, from $2.93 billion at September 30, 2021 and increased by $785.0 million, or 32.72%, from December 31, 2020.  

Combined, the AFS and HTM investments in mortgage backed securities (“MBS”) and collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMO”) totaled $4.29 billion or approximately 84% of the total investment securities at December 31, 2021. Virtually all of our MBS and CMO are issued or guaranteed by government or government sponsored enterprises, which have the implied guarantee of the U.S. Government. In addition, we had $576.9 million of Government Agency securities (HTM) at December 31, 2021, that represent approximately 11% of the total investment securities.

Our combined AFS and HTM municipal securities totaled $240.5 million as of December 31, 2021, or approximately 5% of our total investment portfolio. These securities are located in 28 states. Our largest concentrations of holdings by state, as a percentage of total municipal bonds, are located in Minnesota at 20.91%, Texas at 10.46%, Massachusetts at 10.40%, Ohio at 8.08%, and Connecticut at 5.79%.

Loans

Total loans and leases, at amortized cost, of $7.89 billion at December 31, 2021 increased by $38.2 million, or 0.49%, from September 30, 2021. After adjusting for seasonality and forgiveness of PPP loans, our loans grew by $75.9 million, or approximately 1%, from the end of the third quarter, or 4% annualized. The $38.2 million increase in total loans included increases of $106.6 million in dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans, $55.0 million in commercial real estate loans, $43.1 million in commercial and industrial loans, $9.3 million in SFR mortgage loans, and $2.6 million in other loans, partially offset by decreases of $144.4 million in PPP loans, $18.9 million in SBA loans, and $15.1 million in construction loans. The majority of the year-end growth in dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans was seasonal.

Total loans and leases, at amortized cost, of $7.89 billion at December 31, 2021 decreased by $461.1 million, or 5.52%, from December 31, 2020. The $461.1 million decrease in total loans included decreases of $696.4 million in PPP loans, $29.9 million in SFR mortgage loans, $22.9 million in construction loans, $15.3 million in SBA loans, and $11.3 million in consumer and other loans. Partially offsetting these declines were increases in commercial real estate loans of $288.2 million and $25.1 million in dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans. Our core loans, excluding PPP loans, grew by $235.3 million, or 3.2%, from the end of the fourth quarter of 2020.  

Asset Quality

During the fourth quarter of 2021, we experienced credit charge-offs of $375,000 and total recoveries of $30,000, resulting in net charge-offs of $345,000. The allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) totaled $65.0 million at December 31, 2021, compared to $65.4 million at September 30, 2021 and $93.7 million at December 31, 2020. The allowance for credit losses was decreased by $25.5 million in 2021, due to the improved outlook in our forecast of certain macroeconomic variables that were influenced by the economic impact of the pandemic and government stimulus, and by $3.2 million in year-to-date net charge-offs. At December 31, 2021, ACL as a percentage of total loans and leases outstanding was 0.82%. This compares to 0.83% and 1.12% at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. When PPP loans are excluded, the ACL as a percentage of total loans and leases outstanding was 0.84% at December 31, 2021, compared to 0.87% at September 30, 2021 and 1.25% at December 31, 2020.

Nonperforming loans, defined as nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days past due accruing interest plus nonperforming TDR loans, and nonperforming assets, defined as nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days past due accruing interest plus OREO, are highlighted below.

Nonperforming Assets and Delinquency Trends	December 31,				September 30,				December 31,
	2021				2021				2020
Nonperforming loans
Commercial real estate	$	3,607			$	4,073			$	7,563
SBA		1,034				1,513				2,273
Commercial and industrial		1,714				2,038				3,129
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		–				118				785
SFR mortgage		380				399				430
Consumer and other loans		158				305				167
Total	$	6,893			$	8,446			$	14,347
% of Total loans		0.09	%			0.11	%			0.17	%
OREO
Commercial real estate	$	–			$	–			$	1,575
SFR mortgage		–				–				1,817
Total	$	–			$	–			$	3,392
Total nonperforming assets	$	6,893			$	8,446			$	17,739
% of Nonperforming assets to total assets		0.04	%			0.05	%			0.12	%
Past due 30-89 days
Commercial real estate	$	438			$	–			$	–
SBA		979				–				1,965
Commercial and industrial		–				122				1,101
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness		–				1,000				–
SFR mortgage		1,040				–				–
Total	$	2,457			$	1,122			$	3,066
% of Total loans		0.03	%			0.01	%			0.04	%
Classified Loans	$	56,102			$	49,755			$	78,819

Classified loans are loans that are graded “substandard” or worse. Classified loans increased $6.3 million quarter-over-quarter and included a $10.8 million increase in classified commercial real estate loans, partially offset by a $1.7 million decrease in classified commercial and industrial loans and a $2.1 million decrease in classified dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans.

Deposits & Customer Repurchase Agreements

Deposits of $12.98 billion and customer repurchase agreements of $642.4 million totaled $13.62 billion at December 31, 2021. This represented an increase of $29.0 million, or 0.21%, when compared with $13.59 billion at September 30, 2021. Total deposits and customer repurchase agreements increased $1.44 billion, or 11.85% when compared with $12.18 billion at December 31, 2020.

Noninterest-bearing deposits were $8.10 billion at December 31, 2021, a decrease of $206.7 million, or 2.49%, when compared to $8.31 billion at September 30, 2021 and an increase of $648.7 million, or 8.70%, when compared to $7.46 billion at December 31, 2020. At December 31, 2021, noninterest-bearing deposits were 62.45% of total deposits, compared to 64.27% at September 30, 2021 and 63.52% at December 31, 2020.

Capital

The Company’s total equity was $2.08 billion at December 31, 2021. This represented an increase of $73.5 million from total equity of $2.01 billion at December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily due to net earnings of $212.5 million, partially offset by $97.8 million in cash dividends and a $39.3 million decrease in other comprehensive income from the tax effected impact of the decline in market value of available-for-sale securities. During the third quarter of 2021, we repurchased 390,336 shares of common stock for $7.4 million, or an average repurchase price of $18.97. Our tangible book value per share at December 31, 2021 was $10.27.

Our capital ratios under the revised capital framework referred to as Basel III remain well-above regulatory standards.

				CVB Financial Corp. Consolidated
Capital Ratios		Minimum Required Plus Capital Conservation Buffer		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Tier 1 leverage capital ratio		4.0%		9.2%		9.2%		9.9%
Common equity Tier 1 capital ratio		7.0%		14.9%		14.9%		14.8%
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio		8.5%		14.9%		14.9%		15.1%
Total risk-based capital ratio		10.5%		15.6%		15.7%		16.2%

CitizensTrust

As of December 31, 2021 CitizensTrust had approximately $3.45 billion in assets under management and administration, including $2.50 billion in assets under management. Revenues were $3.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2021 and $11.6 million for 2021, compared to $2.7 million and $10.0 million, respectively, for the same periods of 2020. CitizensTrust provides trust, investment and brokerage related services, as well as financial, estate and business succession planning.

Merger Update

On January 7, 2022, the Company completed the previously announced merger (the “Merger”) transaction whereby Suncrest Bank (“Suncrest”) merged with and into the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary Citizens Business Bank (“Citizens”), in accordance with the terms and conditions of that certain Agreement and Plan of Reorganization and Merger (“Merger Agreement”), dated as of July 27, 2021, by and among the Company, Citizens and Suncrest, in a stock and cash transaction valued at approximately $237 million in aggregate, or $18.63 per Suncrest share based on CVB Financial Corp.’s closing stock price of $22.87 on January 7, 2022. Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Company issued approximately 8.6 million shares of Company common stock and approximately $39.6 million in aggregate cash consideration, including cash paid out in settlement of outstanding incentive stock option awards at Suncrest.

Suncrest Bank, headquartered in Visalia, California, had approximately $1.4 billion in total assets, $0.8 billion in net loans, $1.2 billion in total deposits and $179.0 million in total equity as of December 31, 2021. Tangible book value per share was $11.16 at December 31, 2021. Suncrest’s seven branch locations and two loan production offices in California’s Central Valley and the Sacramento area opened as Citizens Business Bank locations on January 10, 2022.

Corporate Overview

CVB Financial Corp. (“CVBF”) is the holding company for Citizens Business Bank. CVBF is one of the 10 largest bank holding companies headquartered in California with over $16 billion in total assets. Citizens Business Bank is consistently recognized as one of the top performing banks in the nation and offers a wide array of banking, lending and investing services with more than 60 banking centers and 3 trust office locations serving the Inland Empire, Los Angeles County, Orange County San Diego County, Ventura County, Santa Barbara County, and Central California.

Shares of CVB Financial Corp. common stock are listed on the NASDAQ under the ticker symbol “CVBF”. For investor information on CVB Financial Corp., visit our Citizens Business Bank website at www.cbbank.com and click on the “Investors” tab.

Conference Call

Management will hold a conference call at 7:30 a.m. PST/10:30 a.m. EST on Thursday, January 27, 2022 to discuss the Company’s fourth quarter and year ended 2021 financial results.

To listen to the conference call, please dial (833) 301-1161, participant passcode 5190385. A taped replay will be made available approximately one hour after the conclusion of the call and will remain available through February 3, 2022 at 6:00 a.m. PST/9:00 a.m. EST. To access the replay, please dial (855) 859-2056, participant passcode 5190385.

The conference call will also be simultaneously webcast over the Internet; please visit our Citizens Business Bank website at www.cbbank.com and click on the “Investors” tab to access the call from the site. Please access the website 15 minutes prior to the call to download any necessary audio software. This webcast will be recorded and available for replay on the Company’s website approximately two hours after the conclusion of the conference call, and will be available on the website for approximately 12 months.

Safe Harbor  
Certain statements set forth herein constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “will likely result”, “aims”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “could”, “estimates”, “expects”, “hopes”, “intends”, “may”, “plans”, “projects”, “seeks”, “should”, “will,” “strategy”, “possibility”, and variations of these words and similar expressions help to identify these forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results or performance to differ materially from those projected. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on the Company including, without limitation, plans, strategies and goals, and statements about the Company’s outlook regarding revenue and asset growth, financial performance and profitability, loan and deposit growth, yields and returns, loan diversification and credit management, stockholder value creation, tax rates, and the impact of acquisitions we have made or may make. Such statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and are generally beyond the control of the Company, and there can be no assurance that future developments affecting the Company will be the same as those anticipated by management. The Company cautions readers that a number of important factors in addition to those set forth below could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied or projected by, such forward-looking statements.

Given the ongoing and dynamic nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, the ultimate extent of the impacts on our business, financial position, results of operations, liquidity, workforce, operating platform and prospects remain uncertain. In addition, changes to statutes, regulations, or regulatory policies or practices as a result of, or in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, could affect us in substantial and unpredictable ways, including the potential adverse impact of loan modifications and payment deferrals implemented consistent with recent regulatory guidance.

General risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following: the strength of the United States economy in general and the strength of the local economies in which we conduct business; the effects of, and changes in, trade, monetary, and fiscal policies and laws, including interest rate policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; inflation/deflation, interest rate, market, and monetary fluctuations; the effect of acquisitions we have made or may make, including, without limitation, the failure to obtain the necessary regulatory approvals, the failure to achieve the expected revenue growth and/or expense savings from such acquisitions, and/or the failure to effectively integrate an acquisition target into our operations; the timely development of competitive new products and services and the acceptance of these products and services by new and existing customers; the impact of changes in financial services policies, laws, and regulations, including those concerning taxes, banking, securities, and insurance, and the application thereof by regulatory bodies; the effectiveness of our risk management framework and quantitative models; changes in the level of our nonperforming assets and charge-offs; the transition away from USD LIBOR and uncertainties regarding potential alternative reference rates, including SOFR; the effect of changes in accounting policies and practices or accounting standards, as may be adopted from time-to-time by bank regulatory agencies, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board or other accounting standards setters, including ASU 2016-13 (Topic 326), “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” commonly referenced as the CECL model, which has changed how we estimate credit losses and may further increase the required level of our allowance for credit losses in future periods; possible credit related impairments of securities held by us; possible impairment charges to goodwill; changes in consumer spending, borrowing, and savings habits; the effects of our lack of a diversified loan portfolio, including the risks of geographic and industry concentrations; periodic fluctuations in commercial or residential real estate prices or values; our ability to attract deposits and other sources of liquidity; the possibility that we may reduce or discontinue the payments of dividends on our common stock; changes in the financial performance and/or condition of our borrowers; changes in the competitive environment among financial and bank holding companies and other financial service providers; technological changes in banking and financial services; geopolitical conditions, including acts or threats of terrorism, actions taken by the United States or other governments in response to acts or threats of terrorism, and/or military conflicts, which could impact business and economic conditions in the United States and abroad; catastrophic events or natural disasters, including earthquakes, drought, climate change or extreme weather events that may affect our assets, communications or computer services, customers, employees or third party vendors; public health crises and pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and their effects on the economic and business environments in which we operate, including on our credit quality and business operations, as well as the impact on general economic and financial market conditions; cybersecurity threats and the cost of defending against them, including the costs of compliance with potential legislation to combat cybersecurity at a state, national, or global level; our ability to recruit and retain key executives, board members and other employees, and changes in employment laws and regulations; unanticipated regulatory or legal proceedings; and our ability to manage the risks involved in the foregoing. Additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements are discussed in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and available at the SEC’s Internet site (http://www.sec.gov).

The Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to update any forward-looking statements to reflect occurrences or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements, except as required by law. Any statements about future operating results, such as those concerning accretion and dilution to the Company’s earnings or shareholders, are for illustrative purposes only, are not forecasts, and actual results may differ.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

— Certain financial information provided in this presentation has not been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and is presented on a non-GAAP basis. Investors and analysts should refer to the reconciliations included in this presentation and should consider the Company’s non-GAAP measures in addition to, not as a substitute for or as superior to, measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. These measures may or may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
		
		December 31,				September 30,				December 31,
			2021				2021				2020
Assets
Cash and due from banks		$	90,012			$	159,563			$	122,305
Interest-earning balances due from Federal Reserve			1,642,536				2,401,800				1,835,855
Total cash and cash equivalents			1,732,548				2,561,363				1,958,160
Interest-earning balances due from depository institutions			25,999				27,260				43,563
Investment securities available-for-sale			3,183,923				2,925,060				2,398,923
Investment securities held-to-maturity			1,925,970				1,710,938				578,626
Total investment securities			5,109,893				4,635,998				2,977,549
Investment in stock of Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB)			17,688				17,688				17,688
Loans and lease finance receivables			7,887,713				7,849,520				8,348,808
Allowance for credit losses			(65,019	)			(65,364	)			(93,692	)
Net loans and lease finance receivables			7,822,694				7,784,156				8,255,116
Premises and equipment, net			49,096				49,812				51,144
Bank owned life insurance (BOLI)			251,570				251,781				226,818
Intangibles			25,394				27,286				33,634
Goodwill			663,707				663,707				663,707
Other assets			185,108				182,547				191,935
Total assets		$	15,883,697			$	16,201,598			$	14,419,314
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing		$	8,104,056			$	8,310,709			$	7,455,387
Investment checking			655,333				594,347				517,976
Savings and money market			3,889,371				3,680,721				3,361,444
Time deposits			327,682				344,439				401,694
Total deposits			12,976,442				12,930,216				11,736,501
Customer repurchase agreements			642,388				659,579				439,406
Other borrowings			2,281				–				5,000
Junior subordinated debentures			–				–				25,774
Payable for securities purchased			50,340				421,751				60,113
Other liabilities			130,743				126,132				144,530
Total liabilities			13,802,194				14,137,678				12,411,324
Stockholders’ Equity
Stockholders’ equity			2,085,471				2,060,842				1,972,641
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax			(3,968	)			3,078				35,349
Total stockholders’ equity			2,081,503				2,063,920				2,007,990
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	15,883,697			$	16,201,598			$	14,419,314

CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
		Three Months Ended												Year Ended
		December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					2021				2020
Assets
Cash and due from banks		$	159,086			$	156,575			$	181,117			$	155,926			$	161,223
Interest-earning balances due from Federal Reserve			2,018,516				2,328,745				1,506,385				1,922,513				1,065,039
Total cash and cash equivalents			2,177,602				2,485,320				1,687,502				2,078,439				1,226,262
Interest-earning balances due from depository institutions			26,608				27,376				43,940				30,696				33,775
Investment securities available-for-sale			3,034,487				2,942,255				2,242,017				2,849,905				1,892,074
Investment securities held-to-maturity			1,811,011				1,169,892				568,188				1,208,554				611,946
Total investment securities			4,845,498				4,112,147				2,810,205				4,058,459				2,504,020
Investment in stock of FHLB			17,688				17,688				17,688				17,688				17,688
Loans and lease finance receivables			7,833,741				7,916,443				8,347,260				8,065,877				8,066,483
Allowance for credit losses			(65,304	)			(69,309	)			(93,799	)			(74,871	)			(85,362	)
Net loans and lease finance receivables			7,768,437				7,847,134				8,253,461				7,991,006				7,981,121
Premises and equipment, net			49,711				50,105				51,501				50,188				52,487
Bank owned life insurance (BOLI)			252,210				251,099				228,753				242,432				226,848
Intangibles			26,216				28,240				34,711				29,328				38,203
Goodwill			663,707				663,707				663,707				663,707				663,707
Other assets			184,258				190,445				193,398				188,578				185,702
Total assets		$	16,011,935			$	15,673,261			$	13,984,866			$	15,350,521			$	12,929,813
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing		$	8,326,073			$	7,991,462			$	6,932,797			$	7,817,627			$	6,281,989
Interest-bearing			4,723,759				4,704,976				4,368,786				4,625,045				3,976,568
Total deposits			13,049,832				12,696,438				11,301,583				12,442,672				10,258,557
Customer repurchase agreements			660,734				636,393				494,410				610,479				479,956
Other borrowings			81				4				8,181				2,008				5,674
Junior subordinated debentures			–				–				25,774				11,581				25,774
Payable for securities purchased			103,635				151,866				19,162				111,152				44,966
Other liabilities			106,907				108,322				128,116				109,269				123,222
Total liabilities			13,921,189				13,593,023				11,977,226				13,287,161				10,938,149
Stockholders’ Equity
Stockholders’ equity			2,087,716				2,067,072				1,971,726				2,048,876				1,960,459
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax			3,030				13,166				35,914				14,484				31,205
Total stockholders’ equity			2,090,746				2,080,238				2,007,640				2,063,360				1,991,664
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	16,011,935			$	15,673,261			$	13,984,866			$	15,350,521			$	12,929,813

CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
		Three Months Ended												Year Ended
		December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					2021				2020
Interest income:
Loans and leases, including fees		$	84,683			$	88,390			$	95,733			$	356,594			$	377,402
Investment securities:
Investment securities available-for-sale			9,891				9,813				9,107				38,273				36,052
Investment securities held-to-maturity			7,917				5,188				3,190				22,175				14,223
Total investment income			17,808				15,001				12,297				60,448				50,275
Dividends from FHLB stock			261				258				217				1,019				978
Interest-earning deposits with other institutions			779				898				397				2,569				1,682
Total interest income			103,531				104,547				108,644				420,630				430,337
Interest expense:
Deposits			996				1,113				2,525				5,346				12,602
Borrowings and junior subordinated debentures			140				135				266				734				1,682
Total interest expense			1,136				1,248				2,791				6,080				14,284
Net interest income before (recapture of) provision for credit losses			102,395				103,299				105,853				414,550				416,053
(Recapture of) provision for credit losses			–				(4,000	)			–				(25,500	)			23,500
Net interest income after (recapture of) provision for credit losses			102,395				107,299				105,853				440,050				392,553
Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts			4,485				4,513				4,006				17,152				16,561
Trust and investment services			3,112				2,681				2,676				11,571				9,978
Gain on OREO, net			700				–				365				1,177				388
Gain on sale of building, net			–				–				–				–				1,680
Other			4,088				3,289				5,878				17,485				21,263
Total noninterest income			12,385				10,483				12,925				47,385				49,870
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits			29,588				29,741				29,142				117,871				119,759
Occupancy and equipment			4,822				5,122				5,479				19,756				20,622
Professional services			1,925				1,626				2,817				7,967				9,460
Computer software expense			3,063				3,020				2,895				11,584				11,302
Marketing and promotion			1,242				857				950				4,623				4,488
Amortization of intangible assets			1,892				2,014				2,170				8,240				9,352
(Recapture of) provision for unfunded loan commitments			–				–				–				(1,000	)			–
Acquisition related expenses			153				809				–				962				–
Other			5,295				4,910				4,823				19,784				17,920
Total noninterest expense			47,980				48,099				48,276				189,787				192,903
Earnings before income taxes			66,800				69,683				70,502				297,648				249,520
Income taxes			19,104				19,930				20,446				85,127				72,361
Net earnings		$	47,696			$	49,753			$	50,056			$	212,521			$	177,159
Basic earnings per common share		$	0.35			$	0.37			$	0.37			$	1.57			$	1.30
Diluted earnings per common share		$	0.35			$	0.37			$	0.37			$	1.56			$	1.30
Cash dividends declared per common share		$	0.18			$	0.18			$	0.18			$	0.72			$	0.72

CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
		Three Months Ended												Year Ended
		December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					2021				2020
Interest income – tax equivalent (TE)		$	103,795			$	104,812			$	108,959			$	421,704			$	431,691
Interest expense			1,136				1,248				2,791				6,080				14,284
Net interest income – (TE)		$	102,659			$	103,564			$	106,168			$	415,624			$	417,407
Return on average assets, annualized			1.18	%			1.26	%			1.42	%			1.38	%			1.37	%
Return on average equity, annualized			9.05	%			9.49	%			9.92	%			10.30	%			8.90	%
Efficiency ratio [1]			41.80	%			42.27	%			40.64	%			41.09	%			41.40	%
Noninterest expense to average assets, annualized			1.19	%			1.22	%			1.37	%			1.24	%			1.49	%
Yield on average loans			4.29	%			4.43	%			4.56	%			4.42	%			4.68	%
Yield on average earning assets (TE)			2.82	%			2.92	%			3.41	%			3.02	%			3.71	%
Cost of deposits			0.03	%			0.03	%			0.09	%			0.04	%			0.12	%
Cost of deposits and customer repurchase agreements			0.03	%			0.04	%			0.09	%			0.05	%			0.13	%
Cost of funds			0.03	%			0.04	%			0.09	%			0.05	%			0.13	%
Net interest margin (TE)			2.79	%			2.89	%			3.33	%			2.97	%			3.59	%
[1] Noninterest expense divided by net interest income before provision for credit losses plus noninterest income.
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic			134,955,690				135,200,249				135,063,751				135,164,972				136,030,613
Diluted			135,183,895				135,383,614				135,281,882				135,381,867				136,206,210
Dividends declared		$	24,401			$	24,421			$	24,413			$	97,814			$	97,665
Dividend payout ratio [2]			51.16	%			49.08	%			48.77	%			46.03	%			55.13	%
[2] Dividends declared on common stock divided by net earnings.
Number of shares outstanding – (end of period)			135,526,025				135,516,404				135,600,501
Book value per share		$	15.36			$	15.23			$	14.81
Tangible book value per share		$	10.27			$	10.13			$	9.67
		December 31,				September 30,				December 31,
			2021				2021				2020
Nonperforming assets:
Nonaccrual loans		$	6,893			$	8,446			$	14,347
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest			–				–				–
Troubled debt restructured loans (nonperforming)			–				–				–
Other real estate owned (OREO), net			–				–				3,392
Total nonperforming assets		$	6,893			$	8,446			$	17,739
Troubled debt restructured performing loans		$	5,293			$	7,975			$	2,159
Percentage of nonperforming assets to total loans outstanding and OREO			0.09	%			0.11	%			0.21	%
Percentage of nonperforming assets to total assets			0.04	%			0.05	%			0.12	%
Allowance for credit losses to nonperforming assets			943.26	%			773.90	%			528.17	%
		Three Months Ended												Year Ended
		December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					2021				2020
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance		$	65,364			$	69,342			$	93,869			$	93,692			$	68,660
Impact of adopting ASU 2016-13			–				–				–				–				1,840
Total charge-offs			(375	)			(11	)			(182	)			(3,371	)			(666	)
Total recoveries on loans previously charged-off			30				33				5				198				358
Net charge-offs			(345	)			22				(177	)			(3,173	)			(308	)
(Recapture of) provision for credit losses			–				(4,000	)			–				(25,500	)			23,500
Allowance for credit losses at end of period		$	65,019			$	65,364			$	93,692			$	65,019			$	93,692
Net charge-offs to average loans			-0.004	%			0.000	%			-0.002	%			-0.039	%			-0.004	%

CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)
Allowance for Credit Losses by Loan Type
		December 31, 2021								September 30, 2021								December 31, 2020
		Allowance For Credit Losses			Allowance as a % of Total Loans by Respective Loan Type					Allowance For Credit Losses			Allowance as a % of Total Loans by Respective Loan Type					Allowance For Credit Losses			Allowance as a % of Total Loans by Respective Loan Type
Commercial real estate		$	50.9			0.9	%			$	52.3			0.9	%			$	75.4			1.4	%
Construction			0.8			1.2	%				1.1			1.4	%				1.9			2.3	%
SBA			2.7			0.9	%				2.9			1.0	%				3.0			1.0	%
SBA – PPP			–			–					–			–					–			–
Commercial and industrial			6.7			0.8	%				4.9			0.6	%				7.1			0.9	%
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness			3.0			0.8	%				3.2			1.1	%				4.0			1.1	%
Municipal lease finance receivables			0.1			0.2	%				0.1			0.2	%				0.1			0.2	%
SFR mortgage			0.2			0.1	%				0.2			0.1	%				0.4			0.1	%
Consumer and other loans			0.6			0.8	%				0.7			1.0	%				1.8			2.1	%
Total		$	65.0			0.8	%			$	65.4			0.8	%			$	93.7			1.1	%

CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Quarterly Common Stock Price
			2021								2020								2019
Quarter End		High				Low				High				Low				High				Low
March 31,		$	25.00			$	19.15			$	22.01			$	14.92			$	23.18			$	19.94
June 30,		$	22.98			$	20.50			$	22.22			$	15.97			$	22.22			$	20.40
September 30,		$	20.86			$	18.72			$	19.87			$	15.57			$	22.23			$	20.00
December 31,		$	21.85			$	19.00			$	21.34			$	16.26			$	22.18			$	19.83
Quarterly Consolidated Statements of Earnings
						Q4				Q3				Q2				Q1				Q4
							2021				2021				2021				2021				2020
Interest income
Loans and leases, including fees						$	84,683			$	88,390			$	91,726			$	91,795			$	95,733
Investment securities and other							18,848				16,157				15,302				13,729				12,911
Total interest income							103,531				104,547				107,028				105,524				108,644
Interest expense
Deposits							996				1,113				1,425				1,812				2,525
Other borrowings							140				135				215				244				266
Total interest expense							1,136				1,248				1,640				2,056				2,791
Net interest income before (recapture of) provision for credit losses							102,395				103,299				105,388				103,468				105,853
(Recapture of) provision for credit losses							–				(4,000	)			(2,000	)			(19,500	)			–
Net interest income after (recapture of) provision for credit losses							102,395				107,299				107,388				122,968				105,853
Noninterest income							12,385				10,483				10,836				13,681				12,925
Noninterest expense							47,980				48,099				46,545				47,163				48,276
Earnings before income taxes							66,800				69,683				71,679				89,486				70,502
Income taxes							19,104				19,930				20,500				25,593				20,446
Net earnings						$	47,696			$	49,753			$	51,179			$	63,893			$	50,056
Effective tax rate							28.60	%			28.60	%			28.60	%			28.60	%			29.00	%
Basic earnings per common share						$	0.35			$	0.37			$	0.38			$	0.47			$	0.37
Diluted earnings per common share						$	0.35			$	0.37			$	0.38			$	0.47			$	0.37
Cash dividends declared per common share						$	0.18			$	0.18			$	0.18			$	0.18			$	0.18
Cash dividends declared						$	24,401			$	24,421			$	24,497			$	24,495			$	24,413

CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
Loan Portfolio by Type
		December 31,				September 30,				June 30,				March 31,				December 31,
			2021				2021				2021				2021				2020
Commercial real estate		$	5,789,730			$	5,734,699			$	5,670,696			$	5,596,781			$	5,501,509
Construction			62,264				77,398				88,280				96,356				85,145
SBA			288,600				307,533				291,778				307,727				303,896
SBA – PPP			186,585				330,960				657,815				897,724				882,986
Commercial and industrial			813,063				769,977				749,117				753,708				812,062
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness			386,219				279,584				257,781				261,088				361,146
Municipal lease finance receivables			45,933				47,305				44,657				42,349				45,547
SFR mortgage			240,654				231,323				237,124				255,400				270,511
Consumer and other loans			74,665				70,741				74,062				81,924				86,006
Gross loans, net of deferred loan fees and discounts			7,887,713				7,849,520				8,071,310				8,293,057				8,348,808
Allowance for credit losses			(65,019	)			(65,364	)			(69,342	)			(71,805	)			(93,692	)
Net loans		$	7,822,694			$	7,784,156			$	8,001,968			$	8,221,252			$	8,255,116
Deposit Composition by Type and Customer Repurchase Agreements
		December 31,				September 30,				June 30,				March 31,				December 31,
			2021				2021				2021				2021				2020
Noninterest-bearing		$	8,104,056			$	8,310,709			$	8,065,400			$	7,577,839			$	7,455,387
Investment checking			655,333				594,347				588,831				567,062				517,976
Savings and money market			3,889,371				3,680,721				3,649,305				3,526,424				3,361,444
Time deposits			327,682				344,439				365,521				407,330				401,694
Total deposits			12,976,442				12,930,216				12,669,057				12,078,655				11,736,501
Customer repurchase agreements			642,388				659,579				578,207				506,346				439,406
Total deposits and customer repurchase agreements		$	13,618,830			$	13,589,795			$	13,247,264			$	12,585,001			$	12,175,907

CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
Nonperforming Assets and Delinquency Trends
		December 31,				September 30,				June 30,				March 31,				December 31,
			2021				2021				2021				2021				2020
Nonperforming loans:
Commercial real estate		$	3,607			$	4,073			$	4,439			$	7,395			$	7,563
Construction			–				–				–				–				–
SBA			1,034				1,513				1,382				2,412				2,273
Commercial and industrial			1,714				2,038				1,818				2,967				3,129
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness			–				118				118				259				785
SFR mortgage			380				399				406				424				430
Consumer and other loans			158				305				308				312				167
Total		$	6,893			$	8,446			$	8,471			$	13,769			$	14,347
% of Total loans			0.09	%			0.11	%			0.10	%			0.17	%			0.17	%
Past due 30-89 days:
Commercial real estate		$	438			$	–			$	–			$	178			$	–
Construction			–				–				–				–				–
SBA			979				–				–				258				1,965
Commercial and industrial			–				122				415				952				1,101
Dairy & livestock and agribusiness			–				1,000				–				–				–
SFR mortgage			1,040				–				–				266				–
Consumer and other loans			–				–				–				21				–
Total		$	2,457			$	1,122			$	415			$	1,675			$	3,066
% of Total loans			0.03	%			0.01	%			0.01	%			0.02	%			0.04	%
OREO:
Commercial real estate		$	–			$	–			$	–			$	1,575			$	1,575
SBA			–				–				–				–				–
SFR mortgage			–				–				–				–				1,817
Total		$	–			$	–			$	–			$	1,575			$	3,392
Total nonperforming, past due, and OREO		$	9,350			$	9,568			$	8,886			$	17,019			$	20,805
% of Total loans			0.12	%			0.12	%			0.11	%			0.21	%			0.25	%

Tangible Book Value Reconciliations (Non-GAAP)
The tangible book value per share is a Non-GAAP disclosure. The Company uses certain non-GAAP financial measures to provide supplemental information regarding the Company’s performance. The following is a reconciliation of tangible book value to the Company stockholders’ equity computed in accordance with GAAP, as well as a calculation of tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2021, September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
				December 31, 2021				September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020
			(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
	Stockholders’ equity		$	2,081,503			$	2,063,920			$	2,007,990
	Less: Goodwill			(663,707	)			(663,707	)			(663,707	)
	Less: Intangible assets			(25,394	)			(27,286	)			(33,634	)
	Tangible book value		$	1,392,402			$	1,372,927			$	1,310,649
	Common shares issued and outstanding			135,526,025				135,516,404				135,600,501
	Tangible book value per share		$	10.27			$	10.13			$	9.67

Return on Average Tangible Common Equity Reconciliations (Non-GAAP)
The return on average tangible common equity is a non-GAAP disclosure. The Company uses certain non-GAAP financial measures to provide supplemental information regarding the Company’s performance. The following is a reconciliation of net income, adjusted for tax-effected amortization of intangibles, to net income computed in accordance with GAAP; a reconciliation of average tangible common equity to the Company’s average stockholders’ equity computed in accordance with GAAP; as well as a calculation of return on average tangible common equity.
			Three Months Ended												Year Ended
			December 31,				September 30,				December 31,
				2021				2021				2020				2021				2020
			(Dollars in thousands)
	Net Income		$	47,696			$	49,753			$	50,056			$	212,521			$	177,159
	Add: Amortization of intangible assets			1,892				2,014				2,170				8,240				9,352
	Less: Tax effect of amortization of intangible assets [1]			(559	)			(595	)			(642	)			(2,436	)			(2,765	)
	Tangible net income		$	49,029			$	51,172			$	51,584			$	218,325			$	183,746
	Average stockholders’ equity		$	2,090,746			$	2,080,238			$	2,007,640			$	2,063,360			$	1,991,664
	Less: Average goodwill			(663,707	)			(663,707	)			(663,707	)			(663,707	)			(663,707	)
	Less: Average intangible assets			(26,216	)			(28,240	)			(34,711	)			(29,328	)			(38,203	)
	Average tangible common equity		$	1,400,823			$	1,388,291			$	1,309,222			$	1,370,325			$	1,289,754
	Return on average equity, annualized			9.05	%			9.49	%			9.92	%			10.30	%			8.90	%
	Return on average tangible common equity, annualized			13.89	%			14.62	%			15.67	%			15.93	%			14.25	%
	[1] Tax effected at respective statutory rates.

Contact:


David A. Brager
 
President and
Chief Executive Officer
(909) 980-4030

TORONTO, Jan. 26, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — McEwen Mining Inc. (NYSE: MUX) (TSX: MUX) is pleased to provide summary results from the Fox Complex Preliminary Economic Assessment (“Fox PEA” or “PEA“), which outlines a mine life of over twelve (12) years, generating average annual production of 71,980 gold ounces, at average cash costs and all-in sustaining costs (“AISC“) per ounce under $800 and $1,225, respectively.⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾ Peak annual gold production of approximately 100,000 ounces occurs in Years 6 to 10 of the mine life.

“The Fox PEA is an important step forward for us. It translates our exploration success into a business case that increases mine life and production rates and lowers costs per ounce! It also provides a clearer picture of where future exploration should be focused to add value.

Our commitment and investment in exploration has provided the foundation for this study, and ongoing exploration success continues to further enhance the expansion potential at Fox. While the PEA is an encouraging first iteration, continuing exploration success, improved economics, and a shorter payback period is required before we decide to advance the project.

I am also pleased that the Froome mine was successfully brought into production in 2021, is performing as planned, and is expected to continue for at least another three years while our expansion plans and drilling progress,”
commented Rob McEwen, Chairman and Chief Owner.

McEwen engaged Wood Canada Limited (https://www.woodplc.com) (“Wood“) to assist in evaluating and developing a business strategy to unlock the value of our Fox Complex properties (“Fox“) in Canada’s Timmins mining district. The PEA was prepared by Wood in accordance with the requirements of Canadian National Instrument 43-101 “Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects” (“NI 43-101“). The NI 43-101 technical report summarizing the PEA report will be published on SEDAR within 45 days from the date of this news release.

Fox is an active mining operation with gold production from the Froome mine, which was developed in 2020-2021 and started commercial production in September 2021 using the pre-existing Fox mill facility. The PEA evaluates the economics of Fox in two ways: Case A – Fox including Froome, and Case B – Fox excluding Froome. Case B is intended to show the incremental return on investment provided by the expansion of the Fox mill to 2,400 tonnes per day and the development of mines at Stock West, Grey Fox and Fuller deposits (the “Expansion Project“).

Table 1 presents a summary of results for Case A. In this case, the internal rate of return and payback period are not meaningful metrics because of Froome’s initial positive operating earnings.

Table 1: Case A – Fox Financial Results (US Dollars)


<sup>(


2


)</sup>

Financial & Operating Metrics (After-tax):
Life of Mine (LoM)	12.3 years
LoM Gold Production	885,400 oz
Average Annual Gold Production – LoM	71,980 oz
Average Cash Costs per oz. – LoM (1)	$797
Average AISC per oz. – LoM (1)	$1,224
Gold Price Sensitivity:	Downside Case $1,500/oz Au		Base Case $1,650/oz Au	Upside Case $1,800/oz Au
Net Present Value (5% discount) (NPV5%)(3)(4)	$108 million		$175 million	$240 million

Table 2 presents a summary of results for Case B. Table 2 is the only instance in this news release where Froome is excluded from the information presented.

Table 2: Case B – Expansion Project Financial Results


<sup>(


2


)


(5)</sup>

Financial & Operating Metrics (After-tax):
Life of Mine (LoM)	9.3 years
LoM Gold Production	751,700 oz
Average Annual Gold Production – LoM	80,800 oz
Average Cash Costs per oz. – LoM (1)	$769
Average AISC per oz. – LoM (1)	$1,246
Gold Price Sensitivity:	Downside Case $1,500/oz Au			Base Case $1,650/oz Au		Upside Case $1,800/oz Au
Net Present Value (5% discount) (NPV5%)(4)(6)	$81 million			$137 million		$192 million
Internal Rate of Return (IRR%)	15%			21%		26%
Payback Period (years)	6.5			5.9		5.4

Most of the funding required for capital expenditures to implement the Expansion Project comes from internally generated project cash flow. Table 3 shows the total projected capital (initial and sustaining) and the amount and timing of external funding required to realize the PEA business case. While the PEA shows encouraging results for expansion at Fox, it isnot McEwen Mining’s intention to finance or construct the Expansion Project based on this PEA. The execution strategy is to seek further opportunities to reduce the funding requirements and improve the payback period concurrent with additional drilling and studies.

Table 3: Fox Capital Expenditure and Potential Funding Requirements


<sup>(


2


)


(


7


)</sup>

Year of Project	Total Capital Expenditure ($M)		Amount and Timing of Funding Required Above Project Generated Cash Flow
			Downside Case $1,500/oz Au ($M)		Base Case $1,650/oz Au ($M)		Upside Case $1,800/oz Au ($M)
Year 1 (2022)	$10		–		–		–
Year 2 (2023)	$49		$70		$52		$35
Year 3 (2024)	$76		$41		$37		$34
Year 4 to 13 (2025-2034)	$223		–		–		–
Total LoM	$358		$111		$89		$69

Readers are cautioned that the PEA is preliminary in nature. It includes Inferred mineral resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have applicable economic considerations that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves. Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. There is no certainty that the PEA will be realized.

PEA Overview

The PEA is based on the sequential underground development and mining of the Froome, Stock West, Grey Fox, and Fuller mineral resources. Our other resources at Black Fox, Stock East, Davidson-Tisdale, Buffalo Ankerite, Paymaster, and Tamarack represent potential sources of additional production and require further exploration and study.

The PEA includes upgrading the Fox mill, located at the Stock property, to increase throughput capacity to 2,400 tonnes per day and to allow the simultaneous processing of material from multiple deposits. The impact of the increased mill throughput on annual gold production capacity can be seen in Figure 1 starting in Year 5.

The Fox project is partly funded by operating earnings from ongoing operations at Froome, some of which occur before the Expansion Project is started. In addition, exploration will continue at Stock Main and Stock West to develop additional resources that may provide opportunities for earlier revenue and a quicker payback period. Drilling is also anticipated at Grey Fox to evaluate additional opportunities for resource extensions and definition.

As shown in Figure 3, the cumulative cash flow is initially positive because of Froome operations. Subsequent capital expenditures for project expansion drive cumulative cash flow negative starting in Year 3 until becoming positive again in Year 7. Total capital for the life of mine is $358 million, of which $89 million is not addressed internally from project cash flow ($52 million in Year 2 and $37 million in Year 3)(see Table 3). The Company is evaluating possible opportunities to mitigate this funding requirement, including enhancing near-term production opportunities at the Stock property and Froome with ongoing exploration drilling in 2022.

Figure 1 summarizes the projected gold production profile for Fox. Figure 2 provides the components of the estimated annual cash flow. Figure 3 shows the modelled cumulative cash flow (undiscounted and discounted at 5%).  

Trade-Off Analysis

The mining team performed a trade-off analysis on each property to evaluate the mining method that created the highest value. Following these analyses, a set of detailed mine designs and schedules were created and used to determine the optimal mineral resources to target as part of the business strategy for the PEA.

The PEA is based on Measured, Indicated, and Inferred Mineral Resources (as defined in 2014 CIM Definition Standards), providing direction for our team to focus exploration, permitting, and development work required to advance the individual deposits to production.

Exploration and Project Development Update

The PEA provides a sound basis for identifying where best to leverage exploration and delineation spending. Management remains confident that mineral resources can be expanded in the Stock area with targeted drilling within 400 meters from the surface at Stock West and Stock Main.

Recent exploration drilling has identified the host lithology (green carbonate unit) and similar mineralization to the Stock West deposit nearer to surface, between the historical Stock mine infrastructure and the Destor-Porcupine Fault Zone. Evaluation of the extent of this unit and its mineralization is currently underway. Successfully delineating potentially economic mineralization near surface, close to the proposed decline at Stock and adjacent to the Fox Mill could significantly improve near-term project economics and payback. While aggressive drilling continues, steps to prepare for permitting a new decline at Stock are underway.

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Mineral Resource Estimates

The following Fox mineral resource models were updated to reflect the PEA’s current economic assumptions and underground mining scenarios. All mineral resources are constrained by stope shapes defining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction by underground mining methods.

Figures in the tables below may not sum due to rounding.

Tables 4 to 7 present mineral resource estimates for Froome (update), Stock West (initial), Grey Fox (update), and Fuller (update).

Table 4: Froome – Mineral Resource Estimate, Effective Date July 16, 2021
^(
8
)

Classification	Cut-off Grade Gold (g/t)	Quantity (‘000 tonnes)	Gold Grade (g/t)	Contained Gold (‘000 oz)
Measured	2.35	790	4.47	113
Indicated	2.35	641	3.92	81
Total Measured & Indicated	2.35	1,432	4.22	194
Inferred	2.35	276	3.32	29

Table 5: Grey Fox – Mineral Resource Estimate, Effective Date January 31, 2021
^(
9
)

Classification	Cut-off Grade Gold (g/t)	Quantity (‘000 tonnes)	Gold Grade (g/t)	Contained Gold (‘000 oz)
Measured	2.30	–	–	–
Indicated	2.30	7,566	4.80	1,168
Total Measured & Indicated	2.30	7,566	4.80	1,168
Inferred	2.30	1,685	4.35	236

Table 6: Stock West – Mineral Resource Estimate, Effective Date July 30, 2021
^(
10
)

Classification	Cut-off Grade Gold (g/t)	Quantity (‘000 tonnes)	Gold Grade (g/t)	Contained Gold (‘000 oz)
Measured	1.95	–	–	–
Indicated	1.95	1,171	3.83	144
Total Measured & Indicated	1.95	1,171	3.83	144
Inferred	1.95	1,049	3.30	111

Table 7: Fuller – Mineral Resource Estimate, Effective Date April 30, 2021
^(
1
1
)

Classification	Cut-off Grade Gold (g/t)	Quantity (‘000 tonnes)	Gold Grade (g/t)	Contained Gold (‘000 oz)
Measured	2.30	–	–	–
Indicated	2.30	1,149	4.25	157
Total Measured & Indicated	2.30	1,149	4.25	157
Inferred	2.30	693	3.41	76

Notes:

1. This press release includes non-GAAP financial measures, such as Average Cash Costs per oz and Average All-in Sustaining Costs (AISC) per oz. In the gold mining industry, these are common performance measures but do not have any standardized meaning under U.S. GAAP and are considered non-GAAP measures. We use these measures in evaluating our business and believe that certain investors use such non-GAAP measures to evaluate our performance and ability to generate cash flow. Accordingly, they are intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. There are limitations associated with the use of such non-GAAP measures.
2. All amounts are in U.S. Dollars (USD) unless otherwise indicated. PEA assumes a CDN:USD exchange rate of 1.22. “oz” means Troy ounce(s) of gold (Au).
3. NPV5% is discounted to Dec 31, 2021 for Case A.
4. After-tax cash flow incorporates available tax credits as at Dec 31, 2021. Tax credits may expire if not used by a specific time.
5. Gold production and cash flow from Case B is not additive to Case A (Case B is a subset of Case A).
6. NPV5% is discounted to Dec 31, 2022 for Case B.
7. Funding is assumed to be needed during the year prior to the year in which it is spent.
8. Mineral Resources are reported above an economic cut-off grade of 2.35 g/t gold assuming underground extraction methods and based on a mining cost of C$80/t, process cost of C$24.34/t, G&A cost of C$10.50/t, haulage cost of C$4.70/t, refining cost of C$1.82/oz, metallurgical recovery of 87%, royalty buyout of C$1.21/t, dilution of 15%, and realized gold price of US$1,632/oz (after Sandstorm Stream).
9. Mineral Resources are reported above an economic cut-off grade of 2.30 g/t gold assuming underground extraction methods and based on a mining cost of C$80/t, process cost of C$24.34/t, G&A cost of C$10.50/t, haulage cost of C$5.64/t, refining cost of C$1.82/oz, metallurgical recovery of 85%, royalty NSR of 2.65%, dilution of 15%, and gold price of US$1,725/oz.
10. Mineral Resources are reported above an economic cut-off grade of 1.95 g/t gold assuming underground extraction methods and based on a mining cost of C$80/t, process cost of C$24.34/t, G&A cost of C$10.50/t, refining cost of C$1.82/oz, metallurgical recovery of 94%, dilution of 15%, and gold price of US$1,725/oz.
11. Mineral Resources are reported above an economic cut-off grade of 2.30 g/t gold assuming underground extraction methods and based on a mining cost of C$90/t, process cost of C$24.55/t, G&A cost of C$10.50/t, haulage cost of C$6.64/t, metallurgical recovery of 88%, 10% Net Profits Interest (NPI) royalty, dilution of 10% and gold price of US$1,725/oz.
    

Cash Costs and All-in Sustaining Costs

Cash costs consist of mining, processing, on-site general and administrative costs, community and permitting costs related to current operations, royalty costs, refining and treatment charges (for both doré and concentrate products), sales costs, export taxes and operational stripping costs, and exclude depreciation and amortization. All-in sustaining costs consist of cash costs (as described above), plus accretion of retirement obligations and amortization of the asset retirement costs related to operating sites, sustaining exploration and development costs, sustaining capital expenditures, and sustaining lease payments. Both cash costs and all-in sustaining costs are divided by the gold equivalent ounces sold to determine cash costs and all-in sustaining costs on a per ounce basis. We use and report these measures to provide additional information regarding operational efficiencies on an individual mine basis, and believe that these measures provide investors and analysts with useful information about our underlying costs of operations. A reconciliation to production costs applicable to sales, the nearest U.S. GAAP measure is provided in McEwen Mining’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2021.

CAUTIONARY NOTE TO US INVESTORS REGARDING RESOURCE ESTIMATION

The Fox PEA and related resource estimates contained in this release have been prepared in accordance with standards of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum referred to in Canadian National Instrument 43-101 (NI 43-101). These standards are different from the standards permitted in reports filed with the SEC under Industry Guide 7 (“Guide 7”) or under SEC S-K 1300 (defined below).

Under NI 43-101, we report Measured, Indicated and Inferred resources, which are measurements that are generally not permitted in filings made with the SEC under Guide 7. The estimation of Measured resources and Indicated resources involve greater uncertainty as to their existence and economic feasibility than the estimation of proven and probable reserves under Industry Guide 7. U.S. investors are cautioned not to assume that any part of Measured or Indicated resources will ever be converted into economically mineable reserves. The estimation of Inferred resources involves far greater uncertainty as to their existence and economic viability than the estimation of other categories of resources. Inferred mineral resources could be upgraded to Indicated mineral resources with continued exploration. Therefore, U.S. investors are also cautioned not to assume that all or any part of Inferred resources exist, or that they can be legally or economically mined.

Canadian regulations permit the disclosure of resources in terms of “contained ounces” provided that the tonnes and grade for each resource are also disclosed; however, under Guide 7, the SEC only permits issuers to report “mineralized material” in tonnage and average grade without reference to contained ounces. Under Guide 7, the tonnage and average grade described herein would be characterized as mineralized material. We provide such disclosure about our properties to allow a means of comparing our projects to those of other companies in the mining industry, many of which are Canadian and report pursuant to NI 43-101, and to comply with applicable disclosure requirements.

The SEC has adopted amendments to its disclosure rules to modernize the mineral property disclosure requirements for issuers engaged in the mining industry and which are required to file reports with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”). These amendments became effective February 25, 2019 (“SEC S-K 1300”) and, commencing for registrants with their first fiscal year beginning on or after January 1, 2021, SEC S-K 1300 replaces the historical property disclosure requirements included in SEC Industry Guide 7. SEC S-K 1300 includes the adoption of terms describing mineral reserves and mineral resources that are “substantially similar” to the corresponding terms under the CIM Definition Standards. As a result of the adoption of SEC S-K 1300, the SEC now recognizes estimates of “measured mineral resources”, “indicated mineral resources” and “inferred mineral resources”. In addition, the SEC has amended its definitions of “proven mineral reserves” and “probable mineral reserves” to be “substantially similar” to the corresponding CIM Definitions. U.S. investors are cautioned that while the above terms are “substantially similar” to CIM Definitions, there are differences in the definitions under SEC S-K 1300 and the CIM Definition Standards. Accordingly, there is no assurance any mineral reserves or mineral resources that the Company may report as “proven mineral reserves”, “probable mineral reserves”, “measured mineral resources”, “indicated mineral resources” and “inferred mineral resources” under NI 43-101 would be the same had the Company prepared the reserve or resource estimates under the standards adopted under SEC S-K 1300. U.S. investors are also cautioned that while the SEC recognizes “measured mineral resources”, “indicated mineral resources” and “inferred mineral resources” under SEC S-K 1300, investors should not assume that any part or all of the mineralization in these categories will ever be converted into a higher category of mineral resources or into mineral reserves. Mineralization described using these terms has a greater amount of uncertainty as to its existence and feasibility than mineralization that has been characterized as reserves. Accordingly, investors are cautioned not to assume that any measured mineral resources, indicated mineral resources, or inferred mineral resources that the Company reports are or will be economically or legally mineable. Under Canadian securities laws, estimates of “inferred mineral resources” may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, except in rare cases. For the above reasons, the mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates and related information in this release may not be comparable to similar information made public by U.S. companies subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements under the United States federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

TECHNICAL INFORMATION

The technical content of this news release has been reviewed and approved by Peter Mah, P.Eng., COO of McEwen Mining and a Qualified Person as defined by NI 43-101.

The technical information in this news release related to geology and exploration has been prepared under the supervision of Ken Tylee, P.Geo., McEwen Mining’s Exploration Manager and a Qualified Person as defined by NI 43-101.

The technical information in this news release related to resource estimates has been prepared under the supervision of Luke Willis, P.Geo., McEwen Mining’s Director of Resource Modelling and Qualified Person as defined by NI 43-101.

All of the Qualified Persons listed have visited Fox and reviewed technical information relevant to their experience and area of responsibility.

CAUTION CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This news release contains certain forward-looking statements and information, including “forward-looking information” and “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of applicable Canadian and United States securities legislation. The forward-looking statements and information expressed, as at the date of this news release, include mineral resource estimates, the results of the PEA, including, without limitation NPV, IRR, payback period, LoM, production, cash costs and AISC, cash flows and other financial and operational metrics, as well as other estimates, forecasts, projections, expectations or beliefs as to future events and results. Forward-looking statements and information are necessarily based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that, while considered reasonable by management and/or the Qualified Persons, are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties, risks and contingencies, and there can be no assurance that such statements and information will prove to be accurate. Therefore, actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements and information. Risks and uncertainties that could cause results or future events to differ materially from current expectations expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements and information include, but are not limited to, uncertainties inherent to preliminary economic assessments, which by their nature are subject to a number of key assumptions, risks and uncertainties, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, fluctuations in the market price of precious metals, mining industry risks, the ability of the corporation to receive or receive in a timely manner permits or other approvals required in connection with operations, risks associated with the construction of mining operations and commencement of production and the projected costs thereof, risks related to litigation, the state of the capital markets, environmental risks and hazards, uncertainty as to estimation of mineral resources and reserves, and other risks. Readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information included herein, which speak only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no obligation to reissue or update forward-looking statements or information as a result of new information or events after the date hereof except as may be required by law. See McEwen Mining’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, under the caption “Risk Factors”, for additional information on risks, uncertainties and other factors relating to the forward-looking statements and information regarding the Company. All forward-looking statements and information made in this news release are qualified by this cautionary statement.

The NYSE and TSX have not reviewed and do not accept responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of the contents of this news release, which has been prepared by the management of McEwen Mining Inc.

ABOUT MCEWEN MINING

McEwen Mining is a diversified gold and silver producer and explorer focused in the Americas with operating mines in Nevada, Canada, Mexico and Argentina. It also has a large exposure to copper through its subsidiary McEwen Copper, owner of the Los Azules copper deposit in Argentina.

CONTACT INFORMATION:
Investor Relations: (866)-441-0690 Toll-Free (647)-258-0395 Mihaela Iancu ext. 320 [email protected]	Website: www.mcewenmining.com Facebook: facebook.com/mcewenmining Facebook: facebook.com/mcewenrob Twitter: twitter.com/mcewenmining Twitter: twitter.com/robmcewenmux Instagram: instagram.com/mcewenmining	150 King Street West Suite 2800, P.O. Box 24 Toronto, ON, Canada M5H 1J9

Photos accompanying this announcement are available at:

https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/626b7c7a-45b8-4b85-bd59-cca803888bd3

https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/c50026ae-47a7-4cbd-b56e-70b880d8a6a6

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